This is most likely a stupid question, but what does it mean by hard patching it onto a headerless ROM? The only time I've messed with patching .ips files I just had to change the name of the ROM and patch to be the same and keep them in a folder together. I'm guessing that's soft patching?
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That is soft patching, yes. Hard patching is done with a utility program, there are various ones that can apply IPS patches to a ROM.
Now about headers, when SNES roms were originally dumped by those copier machines you'd pop inbetween the cart and the console, they would put some additional data at the start of the file which the copier would then use to recognise certain things about the type of ROM. Nowadays people don't use hardware copiers to play ROMs on their SNES, but sometimes the headers remain.
The header data is of no value to an emulator, or anything other than the original copier that made the ROM, so they are often removed. The ROM data itself is unaltered, just the first chunk of information in the file is discarded.
Now... IPS patches
must be applied to exactly the same ROM the were made for. If the hacker used a headerless ROM, you must do so as well. If he used one with a header, you must use one with a header too. Fortunately there are tools that will let you add or remove a header.
Romhacking.net - Utilities - NSRT 3.4 Windows
That's the best known one, NSRT. You probably won't ever need to use it, or to know what I've told you here, but it might satisfy some curiosity. If you ever apply an IPS and your game is filled with garbage text, or just won't load at all, then you probably applied it to a ROM which has a header when the patch was made using a headerless ROM. Most hackers would remove the header... like I tried to explain, it is an outdated idea of no current use.
This thing is sticky, and I don't like it. I don't appreciate it.