If this happened to me and my mom, I'd have to say I'd probably go Bruce Lee on that woman. Aka swift elbow to the mid-section followed by my fist pivoting upwards and smacking her in the chest/face, followed through with the idiotic look and scream

I'm sure an elbow would hurt a lot more than just a punch too (assuming you're not full of bulk muscle that is).
If the lady had just gotten an attitude, I wouldn't touch her though. I would just apologize, and say it was an accident, and try not to escalate it. Most people would just let this pass as well if this is all that happened.
But since she hit your mom over something like this, I'd have to also say the rules kind of got beat out of like your mom's breath when the lady threw that punch. Anything more than that is excessive though, unless she pulls out a gun or dangerous weapon.
There's an unspoken rule about mamas. You can make fun of the daddy all you want, but if anyone dares smack/insult your mom, then it's on.
Jam it back in, in the dark.