I think the only times I can recall frequently having these feelings is with something less serious, like playing some FPS and seeing a live grenade drop at my feet.
Now real-life feelings of that sort, I think I'd only have if I was in a situation where I really thought it possible that I might not come out of it alive, like a car wreck like kat was talking about. I did have a fairly bad wreck a little less than a year ago, but I was luckily only a little battered and bruised from it. So at the time, the feelings spoken of passed quickly when I realized that not only was I alive, but alive and quite well.
Though maybe the 'impending doom' returned momentarily when I remembered that the car I totaled was my parents' car, not mine.
Jam it back in, in the dark.