Very mean teacher

Still, who does this teacher answer to? Does he have a supervisor in the Architecture department?

In America, every student has a right to file a grievance against a teacher if the student feels the teacher was unfair in any way. Usually, the teacher is brought before a set of his peers and the student is interviewed by the same panel.

If you had written testimonials from classmates who've observed the teacher's actions, and who know how late you've worked, perhaps those papers could sway a panel in your favor. If you ask for something humble, like the opportunity to take the class with a different teacher and not have this semester's grade count against you, people might believe your claims. If you ask for an automatic "A", then they might think you're just lazy.

Anyhow, there must be someone who ranks higher than this teacher, someone you can go to and explain the situation.

Jam it back in, in the dark.